Pistols/Nagant 1895,TT33,and Mauser c96

That’s highly simplistic “analysis” - a small high velocity buller certainly has the potential to transfer less of its energy than a slower larger caliber one, but then it has much less energy to start - so a smaller percentage may well consititue more actual energy.

And of course any bullet that lodges in the target has transfered ALL of its energy… by defintion.

But then of course stopping power IS NOT “the actual amount of energy which is delivered to a sodt target” - the common/normal definition of stopping power is the ability to inflict an immediately incapacitating wound… you will notice there is no measure of energy transfer in that.

The stopping power therefore depends upon the projectile, the ballistics, and the nature of what is hit, and defies simpplistic thinking.

Arguing that this or that bullet should be 5.3 instead of 5, or 6.0 instead of 5.5 seems uttterly ludicrous to me - is a more powerful bullet doing more damage than the less powerful one?? Yes? Then job done.

The game is NOT measuring muzzle or any othe energies… is it completely about artificial “balance” as defined by Darkflow, and advocating trivial “adjustments” in the name of “accuracy” are meaningless and argumentative.

Well in this particular case 7.62x25 / 9mm and .45 all of them being FMJ it isnt exactly wrong to say bigger the bullet bigger the damage.
Theres video above comparing 9mm vs .45 and the differency is significant.
And so far I havent found any ballistic tests for 7.62x25 FMJ probably because its known to be overpenetrating round.

Theres quite few “but’s” in term of stopping power. As its quite invidual what is the amount of damage / pain that makes you stop, for example the .38 long colt’s history in colonies.

Then again another person might go in shock for minor scratch in leg / arm just for seeing blood.
And if we take the shot placement in account im fairly sure every each of above mentioned rounds is capable to stop rather reliably human with headshot.

I dont recall army doing research about the subject or if have I havent read it or it aint even published.
Theres how ever quite many reasearch done on civil side about the subject this for example.

But theres quite many variables and things that arent taken in account so at the best these can be taken with sack of salt.
But regardless of variables these civil side studies can give rough estimate of how many hits it takes to incapacitate someone.

Correct, but in this particular case id say its fair to say bigger the round bigger the damage.
As far as I know none of the above mentioned rounds has tendency to tumble upon impact causing much more damage.

Well thats exactly the subject here, how to define the more powerful round as its not simple as muzzle energy.

True, and regardless of history / realism it shouldnt overcome the balance.