GERMANY
Sd.Kfz. 6/2
HISTORY
The 3.7 cm Flak 36 auf Selbstfahrlafette , or simply Sd.Kfz. 6/2 , is a self-propelled anti-aircraft gun based on the Sd.Kfz. 6 half-track tractor, with a 37 mm 3.7 cm FlaK 36 L/98 anti-aircraft gun. This self-propelled anti-aircraft gun was developed to counter Allied and Soviet aircraft, as well as to protect Luftwaffe airfields from air strikes. Since the truck platform itself was occupied by the anti-aircraft gun, a single-axle trailer for transporting ammunition was attached to it. At the beginning of production, there was no armored gun shield, but it was added in subsequent serial modifications. Most of the Sd.Kfz. 6/2 went into service with Luftwaffe air defense units, but a small number of ZSUs were in service with Wehrmacht and SS units. For the first time, the Sd.Kfz. The 6/2 was tested on the Eastern Front in 1941, but was subsequently used everywhere. It was produced by Bussing-Nag, Daimler Benz, Böhmisch-Mährischen Maschinenfabrik, and Praga from 1941 to 1943, and a total of 339 Sd.Kfz. 6/2s were assembled.
SPECIFICATIONS
Type: Half-track self-propelled anti-aircraft gun
Crew: 4
Weight: ~8.5 tons
Length: 6.3 m
Width: 2.2 m
Height: 2.5 m (without gun shield)
Armor: 8 mm (cab, shield)
Armament: 1 Ă— 3.7 cm FlaK 36/37 AA gun
Engine: Maybach HL 54 TR, 6-cylinder, 115 hp
Speed: 50 km/h
USSR
GAZ-AAA(DShK)
HISTORY
The GAZ-AAA is a Soviet three-axle all-terrain truck. Developed in 1932 on the Ford-AA chassis at NATI, the design was later refined at the GAZ plant’s Special Vehicles Design Bureau under the direction of V. A. Grachev. The primary goal of the design was to meet the needs of the Red Army with all-terrain trucks. It was produced from 1934 to 1943. During this time, 37,373 GAZ-AAAs were built. Several thousand GAZ-AAAs were converted into armored cars, anti-aircraft guns, self-propelled guns, field repair vehicles, tractors, fuel trucks, and even staff and ambulance buses.
Due to a severe shortage of ZSUs and the Luftwaffe’s air superiority, Soviet soldiers mounted DShK anti-aircraft machine guns on a tripod in the back of the most mobile and all-terrain vehicles—the GAZ-AAA—to give them mobility. This way, air defense units didn’t have to waste time deploying the machine gun and could provide air cover for vehicle columns, soldiers, and combat unit convoys while moving alongside them. Since these ZSUs were often produced in the field rather than in factories, the number of GAZ-AAA (DShK) units built can only be guessed at.
SPECIFICATIONS
Type: Soviet truck, self-propelled anti-aircraft gun
Crew: 3
Weight: ~4.3 tons (with gun)
Length: 5.3 m
Width: 2.0 m
Height: 2.2 m (without gun shield)
Armor: none (sometimes shield for DShK)
Armament: 1 Ă— 12.7 mm DShK heavy machine gun (AA mount)
Engine: GAZ-AA 4-cylinder, 50 hp
Speed: up to 65 km/h (road)
USA
M16 MGMC
HISTORY
The M16 MGMC is an American self-propelled anti-aircraft gun (SPG) used during World War II, developed in the mid-1940s by the White Motor Company. Its design is a modernization of the M13 MGMC , with the turret modified to accommodate four heavy Browning machine guns. A total of 2,877 M16 MGMCs were produced, 628 of which were converted from M13 MGMCs. The M16 MGMC was the most widely produced SPG in the US Army during World War II, actively participating in nearly every major operation of 1944–1945, and later serving during the Korean War.
SPECIFICATIONS
Type: Half-track self-propelled anti-aircraft gun
Crew: 3
Weight: ~9–10 tons (combat)
Length: ~5.7 m
Width: ~2.3 m
Height: ~2.7 m (with quad mount)
Armor: 6–12 mm (light armour)
Armament: 1 Ă— M45 quadmount with 4 Ă— .50 cal (12.7 mm) M2 Browning machine guns
Engine: White 160AX / Hercules JXD-type 6-cylinder, ~147 hp (varies by production)
Speed: 70–75 km/h
JAPAN
TYPE94
HISTORY
The Type 94 is a Japanese self-propelled anti-aircraft gun, developed in the early 1930s on the chassis of a three-axle Type 94 truck by mounting a 20mm Type 98 autocannon. The first prototype was ready in 1934, and serial production began soon after. The exact number of SPAAGs produced is unknown, but approximately 5,000 Type 94 trucks were manufactured, and the Type 98 gun was the most common light anti-aircraft gun in Japan. The Type 94 was used by the Imperial Japanese Army during the Sino-Japanese War and World War II as part of tank divisions: the autocannon could fire both from the ground and from the truck bed.
SPECIFICATIONS
Type: Light truck, self-propelled anti-aircraft gun
Crew: 4–5
Weight: ~3 tons (combat)
Length: ~4.7 m
Width: ~1.7 m
Height: ~2.3 m (with gun)
Armor: none
Armament: 1 Ă— 20 mm Type 98 AA gun (sometimes twin mount)
Engine: Gasoline, 6-cylinder, ~85 hp
Speed: 60 km/h (road)
ITALY
AS.42
HISTORY
The AS.42 “Sahariana” was an Italian World War II combat reconnaissance vehicle developed by SPA-Viberti for the Italian North African Corps. It was based on the popular AB 41 armored car , built on the chassis of the TM40 artillery tractor. The vehicle entered service in 1942, and at least 100 were produced. Depending on the mission, the vehicle could be equipped with a variety of armament options: a 20mm Breda Mod.35 cannon, a 20mm anti-tank rifle, a 47mm cannon , or conventional machine guns.
After receiving assurances from the North African company, the vehicles were relocated to Europe, where they were adapted to the changing climate: the upper row of fuel canisters was replaced with large ammunition caissons, a removable canvas roof and spare winches were added, the tires were replaced with thicker ones, and the technical instrumentation was expanded. A version modified for use in the mainland was named the Sahariana II or Metropolitana . The vehicles were used in the defense of Italy and on the Eastern Front, and after the war, a small number were issued to the military police, while the remainder could be sold to civilians.
SPECIFICATIONS
Type: Long-range reconnaissance/anti-aircraft car
Crew: 2-3
Weight: ~6 tons
Length: 5.2 m
Width: 1.9 m
Height: 1.8 m
Armor: none
Armament (varied):
1 Ă— 20 mm Breda Model 35 cannon or 47 mm anti-tank gun
1–2 × 8 mm Breda MGs
Sometimes 20 mm Solothurn or captured British Boys AT rifle
Engine: SPA ABM 3, 6-cylinder, 100 hp
Speed: 85 km/h.
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